Dental caries is one of the most common oral diseases worldwide. More than 60% of schoolchildren in developing countries suffer from cavities, and most people are expected to experience them at some point in life. The disease is caused by bacteria in the mouth, primarily Streptococcus mutans, which form plaque on teeth. In the presence of sugar and heat, the bacteria multiply, produce acids, and damage tooth enamel.
A research team from Israel, China, and Singapore has identified a natural compound that disrupts the plaque-forming process. The molecule, 3,3′-Diindolylmethane (DIM), is produced during the digestion of cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli, cabbage, kale, and cauliflower.
In a study published in the journal Antibiotics, DIM was shown to stop the growth of S. mutans and break down the biofilm layer that causes plaque formation. At low concentrations, plaque formation was reduced by more than 90%. Researchers observed that DIM limits bacterial reproduction and reduces the production of the adhesive material that allows bacteria to stick to tooth surfaces.
DIM is considered safe and has been previously studied for anti-cancer properties. It shows low toxicity to healthy cells, raising the possibility that it could be integrated into products such as toothpaste or mouthwash. Prof. Ariel Kushmaro of Ben-Gurion University said, "The molecule, which was found to be safe and with low toxicity, may in the future be integrated into toothpastes and mouthwashes, and significantly improve our ability to maintain oral hygiene."
The connection between cruciferous vegetables and health is well established. These crops are known sources of antioxidants, B vitamins, and dietary fiber. The finding that DIM is naturally produced during digestion suggests that consumption of these vegetables could also contribute to oral health by providing compounds active against dental bacteria.
The current findings are based only on laboratory tests. No clinical trials have been carried out in humans, and there is no approval to use DIM in oral hygiene products. Researchers note that further work is needed before potential commercial applications can be considered.
Until then, recommendations for oral hygiene remain unchanged, including brushing twice daily with fluoride toothpaste, flossing, and regular dental checkups.
Source: The Jerusalem Post